RAMS for Drainage, Paving, Ground Surface and Road Works

RAMS for Drainage, Paving, Ground Surface and Road Works

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Risk Assessment and Method Statement Template for Drainage, Paving, Ground Surface & Road Works

 

This document should not be used until it has been thoroughly reviewed by a competent person.

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RAMS : Drainage, Paving, Ground Surface & Road Works

Site Specific Instructions

Work Process and Associated Hazards

  1. Setting up for work on public highway

    • Process: Erect appropriate signage and barriers to delineate the work area. Ensure traffic management plans are in place and communicated to all personnel.
    • Hazards: Risk of vehicular accidents, pedestrian interference, and inadequate visibility.

  2. Surface preparatory work

    • Process: Remove existing surface materials and debris. Level and compact the ground as required.
    • Hazards: Dust inhalation, manual handling injuries, and slips, trips, and falls.

  3. Breaking surface with hydraulic breaker

    • Process: Operate hydraulic breaker to fracture the surface material. Ensure equipment is maintained and operators are trained.
    • Hazards: Noise-induced hearing loss, vibration-related injuries, and flying debris.

  4. Breaking surface with petrol powered breaker

    • Process: Utilise petrol-powered breaker for surface demolition. Conduct pre-use checks and ensure proper ventilation.
    • Hazards: Exposure to exhaust fumes, noise pollution, and equipment malfunction.

  5. Maintenance and Cleaning of slot drainage

    • Process: Remove debris and sediment from slot drains using appropriate tools. Inspect for damage or blockages.
    • Hazards: Confined space entry risks, biological hazards, and ergonomic strain.

  6. Clearing drains by rodding

    • Process: Insert rods into drains to dislodge blockages. Use appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE).
    • Hazards: Manual handling injuries, exposure to hazardous substances, and potential for rod entrapment.

  7. Cleaning and unblocking drains

    • Process: Employ high-pressure water jetting or mechanical means to clear blockages. Ensure safe disposal of waste.
    • Hazards: High-pressure fluid injection injuries, chemical exposure, and slips on wet surfaces.

  8. Underground pipework water supply installation

    • Process: Excavate trenches, lay pipes, and connect to existing systems. Backfill and compact soil.
    • Hazards: Trench collapse, underground service strikes, and manual handling risks.

  9. Underground sewage & storm water pipework install

    • Process: Install sewage and storm water pipes following design specifications. Ensure proper sealing and alignment.
    • Hazards: Biological hazards, confined space risks, and exposure to contaminated soil.

  10. Duct installation

    • Process: Excavate trenches for duct placement. Install ducts ensuring correct depth and alignment.
    • Hazards: Trench collapse, damage to existing utilities, and manual handling injuries.

  11. Underground cable installation

    • Process: Lay cables in prepared trenches or ducts. Ensure protection against mechanical damage.
    • Hazards: Electrical hazards, damage to existing services, and ergonomic strain.

Emphasise adherence to safety protocols and use of appropriate PPE throughout all tasks to mitigate identified hazards.

Site Specific Hazards

Traffic management : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Pedestrians | Cyclists | Motorists

Type of harm: Crush / Entrapment | Death | Broken Bones | Head Injury | Multiple / Various Injury

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Frequent (5) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Implement a traffic management plan that includes clear signage, barriers, and designated pedestrian pathways to separate work areas from public access.
  • Utilise trained traffic marshals to direct vehicle movement and ensure safe entry and exit from the site.
  • Establish speed limits for vehicles operating within the site to minimise the risk of accidents.
  • Schedule deliveries and heavy vehicle movements during off-peak hours to reduce congestion and interaction with the public.
  • Ensure all workers wear high-visibility clothing to enhance their visibility to drivers and machinery operators.
  • Conduct regular briefings with all site personnel to communicate traffic management procedures and any changes to the plan.
  • Install temporary traffic lights or stop/go boards where necessary to control vehicle flow safely around the worksite.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Manual handling : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Delivery personnel

Type of harm: Back / Spinal Injury | Broken Bones | Crush / Entrapment | Cuts and Abrasions | Muscular Injury

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Frequent (5) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Conduct a manual handling risk assessment to identify specific risks and implement appropriate controls.
  • Provide training for workers on safe lifting techniques and the importance of team lifting for heavy or awkward loads.
  • Utilise mechanical aids such as trolleys, hoists, or cranes to assist with the movement of heavy materials.
  • Plan work tasks to minimise the need for manual handling by organising materials and equipment close to the work area.
  • Rotate tasks among workers to prevent fatigue and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.
  • Ensure that all workers are aware of their physical limitations and encourage them to seek assistance when necessary.
  • Maintain clear and level pathways to facilitate the safe movement of materials and equipment.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Noise exposure : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Nearby residents | Subcontractors

Type of harm: Permanent Hearing Damage

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Frequent (5) = High (20)

Controls

  • Ensure all operatives are provided with and wear appropriate hearing protection, such as ear defenders or earplugs, when working near noisy equipment.
  • Schedule noisy operations during times that will minimise exposure to workers and the public, where possible.
  • Regularly maintain and service machinery and equipment to ensure they operate efficiently and at the lowest possible noise levels.
  • Implement noise barriers or enclosures around particularly loud equipment to reduce noise exposure to surrounding areas.
  • Conduct regular noise assessments to identify high-risk areas and implement additional controls as necessary.
  • Provide training to workers on the risks associated with noise exposure and the correct use of hearing protection.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Vibration exposure : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers operating vibrating tools and equipment | Maintenance personnel

Type of harm: HAVS / Vibration White Finger

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Frequent (5) = High (20)

Controls

  • Ensure that all operatives are trained in the correct use of vibration-reducing tools and equipment.
  • Implement a job rotation system to limit the duration of exposure to vibrating tools for each worker.
  • Regularly maintain and service equipment to ensure it operates efficiently and with minimal vibration.
  • Provide anti-vibration gloves to operatives to reduce the transmission of vibration to hands and arms.
  • Conduct regular health surveillance for workers who are frequently exposed to vibration.
  • Plan work schedules to include regular breaks away from vibrating equipment.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Dust inhalation : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Nearby residents | Pedestrians

Type of harm: Asbestosis / Lung Cancer / Mesothelioma | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Frequent (5) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Use water suppression systems to dampen down dust during cutting, breaking, or drilling activities.
  • Provide and enforce the use of appropriate respiratory protective equipment (RPE) for workers exposed to dust.
  • Implement local exhaust ventilation systems to capture dust at the source during operations.
  • Ensure regular maintenance and cleaning of equipment to prevent dust build-up.
  • Limit the duration of exposure by rotating tasks among workers to reduce individual exposure time.
  • Erect barriers or screens to contain dust within the work area and prevent it from spreading.
  • Conduct regular air monitoring to assess dust levels and ensure they remain below occupational exposure limits.
  • Train workers on the hazards of dust inhalation and the correct use of control measures.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Slips, trips, and falls : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Members of the public | Subcontractors

Type of harm: Back / Spinal Injury | Broken Bones | Cuts and Abrasions | Death | Head Injury | Muscular Injury

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Frequent (5) = High (20)

Controls

  • Ensure all work areas are kept tidy and free from unnecessary materials and debris to prevent tripping hazards.
  • Use appropriate signage and barriers to clearly mark uneven surfaces and excavations.
  • Provide adequate lighting in all work areas, especially during early morning or late afternoon hours.
  • Ensure all personnel wear suitable footwear with non-slip soles.
  • Regularly inspect and maintain walkways and access routes to ensure they are in good condition.
  • Implement a system for immediate reporting and rectification of any spills or obstructions on site.
  • Ensure that all tools and equipment are stored safely when not in use to prevent tripping hazards.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Working at height : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Subcontractors

Type of harm: Broken Bones | Death | Head Injury | Multiple / Various Injury

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Frequent (5) = High (20)

Controls

  • Use scaffolding or mobile elevated work platforms (MEWPs) for tasks that require working at height to ensure stability and safety.
  • Ensure all ladders are secured and used only for short-duration tasks, with three points of contact maintained at all times.
  • Implement edge protection such as guardrails or toe boards around excavations and elevated work areas to prevent falls.
  • Conduct a thorough risk assessment to identify potential fall hazards and implement appropriate control measures before commencing work.
  • Provide workers with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as harnesses and lanyards, when working at height is unavoidable.
  • Ensure all personnel are trained in safe working at height practises and the use of any equipment required for the task.
  • Regularly inspect and maintain all equipment used for working at height to ensure it is in good condition and fit for purpose.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Underground services strike : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Utility workers | Members of the public

Type of harm: Burns | Crush / Entrapment | Death | Electrocution | Multiple / Various Injury

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Probable (4) = Medium (16)

Controls

  • Conduct a thorough site survey and review utility plans to identify the location of underground services before commencing work.
  • Utilise cable detection equipment to accurately locate underground services and mark their positions on the ground surface.
  • Ensure all operatives are trained in recognising and avoiding underground services and are aware of emergency procedures.
  • Implement a permit-to-dig system to control excavation activities and ensure all necessary precautions are taken.
  • Use hand tools for excavation in close proximity to identified underground services to minimise the risk of damage.
  • Maintain clear communication between operatives and supervisors to ensure awareness of underground service locations during work.
  • Regularly update and review risk assessments and method statements to reflect any changes in site conditions or service locations.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Confined spaces : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Maintenance personnel | Emergency response teams | Subcontractors

Type of harm: Asphyxia | Crush / Entrapment | Death | Drowning | Electrocution | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD | Smoke Inhalation

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Conduct a thorough risk assessment to identify potential hazards within the confined space before commencing work.
  • Ensure all personnel are trained in confined space entry procedures and emergency response.
  • Utilise appropriate personal protective equipment, such as respirators and harnesses, as required by the risk assessment.
  • Implement a permit-to-work system to control access to the confined space and ensure all safety measures are in place.
  • Ensure continuous atmospheric monitoring for hazardous gases and oxygen levels during work in confined spaces.
  • Establish effective communication systems between workers inside the confined space and those outside.
  • Provide adequate ventilation to maintain a safe atmosphere within the confined space.
  • Have a trained rescue team on standby with appropriate equipment ready for immediate deployment.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Hazardous substances : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Nearby residents | Pedestrians

Type of harm: Asbestosis / Lung Cancer / Mesothelioma | Burns | Dermatitis | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Ensure all workers are provided with and wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, masks, and eye protection, when handling hazardous substances.
  • Implement proper storage and labelling of hazardous substances to prevent accidental exposure or misuse.
  • Provide training for all personnel on the safe handling, use, and disposal of hazardous substances specific to the tasks being undertaken.
  • Establish and maintain effective ventilation systems in areas where hazardous substances are used or stored to minimise inhalation risks.
  • Utilise spill kits and establish procedures for immediate clean-up of any spills or leaks of hazardous substances.
  • Conduct regular inspections and maintenance of equipment used to handle hazardous substances to ensure they are in safe working condition.
  • Ensure that safety data sheets for all hazardous substances are readily accessible to all workers on site.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Moving plant and machinery : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Site operatives | Site supervisors | Pedestrians | Cyclists | Motorists

Type of harm: Amputation | Back / Spinal Injury | Broken Bones | Crush / Entrapment | Cuts and Abrasions | Death | Head Injury | Multiple / Various Injury

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Probable (4) = Medium (16)

Controls

  • Ensure all operators are trained and competent in the use of plant and machinery.
  • Implement a traffic management plan to segregate vehicles and pedestrians.
  • Use banksmen to guide plant and machinery movements where visibility is restricted.
  • Install clear signage and barriers to delineate work zones and restrict unauthorised access.
  • Conduct regular maintenance checks on machinery to ensure safe operation.
  • Equip machinery with audible alarms and visual signals to alert nearby workers.
  • Establish communication protocols for operators and ground workers to coordinate movements.
  • Provide high-visibility clothing for all personnel working near moving plant and machinery.
  • Ensure adequate lighting is available for operations conducted in low visibility conditions.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Public safety : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: General public | Pedestrians | Cyclists | Motorists

Type of harm: Broken Bones | Cuts and Abrasions | Death | Head Injury

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Occasional (3) = Medium (9)

Controls

  • Erect clear and visible signage to warn the public of ongoing works and potential hazards.
  • Install sturdy barriers and fencing around the work area to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Designate a safe pedestrian route with appropriate signage to guide the public around the work site.
  • Ensure all site personnel wear high-visibility clothing to remain easily identifiable to the public.
  • Implement a traffic management plan to safely direct vehicles and pedestrians around the work zone.
  • Regularly inspect and maintain barriers and signage to ensure they remain effective throughout the project.
  • Provide adequate lighting for work areas during low visibility conditions to enhance public safety.
  • Deploy trained personnel to manage pedestrian and vehicle interactions at busy crossings or access points.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Procedures

Personnel and competence

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must possess the requisite skills and qualifications pertinent to their specific tasks. Competency verification shall be conducted prior to commencement of work, ensuring that all operatives hold valid certifications for the operation of machinery such as hydraulic and petrol-powered breakers.

Training records must be maintained and readily available for inspection, confirming that all workers have received appropriate training in manual handling, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), and emergency procedures specific to the tasks at hand. Particular attention should be given to training in the safe handling and installation of underground pipework and duct systems.

Supervisors are required to have demonstrable experience in managing drainage and road works projects, with a clear understanding of the associated risks and control measures. They must ensure that all operatives are briefed on the method statement and risk assessments prior to commencing work.

Toolbox talks shall be conducted regularly, focusing on task-specific hazards such as working on public highways, handling hazardous substances, and maintaining slot drainage systems. Attendance at these talks is mandatory for all site personnel.

Competence assessments will be periodically reviewed to ensure ongoing compliance with health and safety standards, with any identified training needs addressed promptly.

Site inductions and training

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must undergo a comprehensive site induction prior to commencing any tasks. This induction will be conducted by the Site Manager or a designated competent person.

Key Points:

  • Scope of Work: The induction will cover the specific scope of work related to drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works, ensuring all operatives understand the tasks they are assigned to.

  • Hazard Identification: Personnel will be briefed on potential hazards specific to these activities, such as risks associated with working on public highways, handling heavy machinery, and exposure to dust and noise.

  • Safe Work Practises: Detailed instructions on safe work practises will be provided, including the correct use of hydraulic and petrol-powered breakers, and procedures for maintaining and cleaning slot drainage.

  • Emergency Procedures: Specific emergency procedures relevant to the work environment will be outlined, including actions to take in the event of an accident or incident during underground pipework installation or duct installation.

  • Use of PPE: The induction will emphasise the mandatory use of personal protective equipment (PPE) tailored to the tasks, such as high-visibility clothing for road works and appropriate respiratory protection when breaking surfaces.

  • Training Requirements: Any additional training requirements for specialised tasks, such as clearing drains by rodding or underground cable installation, will be identified and scheduled as necessary.

Attendance at the induction is mandatory, and records of attendance will be maintained. Regular refresher sessions will be conducted to ensure ongoing compliance and awareness.

Access and egress arrangements

Access to and egress from the worksite shall be meticulously managed to ensure the safety of all personnel and the public during drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works. Designated access points will be established and clearly marked with appropriate signage to guide workers and prevent unauthorised entry.

Traffic management plans will be implemented to control vehicular movement around the site, including the use of barriers and cones to delineate safe pathways. Pedestrian routes will be clearly defined and separated from vehicular access points to minimise the risk of accidents.

Prior to commencing work, a site-specific induction will be conducted for all personnel, highlighting the access and egress routes, emergency exits, and muster points. Regular inspections of these routes will be carried out to ensure they remain unobstructed and safe for use.

In areas where work is conducted on public highways, temporary traffic lights or stop/go boards will be employed to manage traffic flow effectively. Access for emergency vehicles must be maintained at all times, with clear communication channels established with local emergency services.

For tasks involving underground works, such as pipework installation, safe entry and exit procedures for trenches and excavations will be strictly adhered to, including the use of ladders or steps where necessary. All personnel must be briefed on the importance of maintaining clear access routes free from debris and equipment.

Lighting will be provided in low visibility conditions to ensure safe access and egress during early morning or late evening operations. All workers must wear high-visibility clothing to enhance their visibility to both site traffic and the public.

In summary, strict adherence to these procedures will ensure that access and egress arrangements are safe, efficient, and compliant with health and safety regulations specific to drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works.

Welfare

The welfare facilities for the drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works shall be established in accordance with the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015. Adequate welfare provisions must be available on-site to ensure the health and well-being of all personnel involved in the project.

Sanitary conveniences will be provided, including portable toilets, which shall be strategically located to ensure accessibility for workers engaged in tasks such as setting up on public highways and underground installations. These facilities will be maintained regularly to ensure cleanliness and hygiene.

Washing facilities will be available, equipped with running water, soap, and means of drying. These are essential for workers handling hazardous substances during tasks like cleaning and unblocking drains or working with petrol-powered breakers.

Rest areas will be designated for workers to take breaks, particularly important for those involved in physically demanding activities such as breaking surfaces with hydraulic breakers. These areas will be sheltered from adverse weather conditions and equipped with seating.

Drinking water will be readily accessible to all workers on-site. It is crucial to ensure hydration, especially for those performing strenuous tasks such as underground pipework installation.

Provision for changing clothes will be made available for workers who may need to change out of wet or contaminated clothing, particularly after maintenance and cleaning of slot drainage or clearing drains by rodding.

Regular inspections of welfare facilities will be conducted to ensure they remain in good condition and meet the needs of the workforce throughout the duration of the project.

Special permits

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must adhere to the following procedures regarding special permits:

Permit to Work on Public Highways:
Prior to commencing any work on public highways, a Permit to Work must be obtained from the relevant local authority. This permit ensures that all activities are coordinated with local traffic management plans and public safety measures. The permit must be displayed prominently on-site and be accessible for inspection at all times.

Excavation Permit:
For tasks involving excavation, such as underground pipework installation or duct installation, an Excavation Permit is mandatory. This permit ensures that all underground services have been identified and marked. It is crucial to verify the location of existing utilities to prevent accidental damage.

Hot Works Permit:
When using petrol-powered breakers or other equipment that may generate sparks, a Hot Works Permit is required. This permit outlines specific fire prevention measures, including the presence of fire extinguishers and the designation of a fire watch during and after the completion of hot works.

Confined Space Entry Permit:
For activities involving entry into confined spaces, such as cleaning and unblocking drains, a Confined Space Entry Permit must be secured. This permit ensures that appropriate atmospheric testing has been conducted and that all necessary safety equipment, such as gas detectors and harnesses, is in place.

Environmental Permit:
In cases where works may impact local watercourses or drainage systems, an Environmental Permit may be required. This permit ensures compliance with environmental regulations and outlines measures to prevent contamination or pollution.

All permits must be reviewed and authorised by the site manager before work commences. Compliance with these permits is essential to ensure the safety of all personnel and the public, as well as to maintain regulatory compliance.

Tools and equipment

All tools and equipment utilised in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must be inspected prior to use to ensure they are in good working condition. Hydraulic breakers and petrol-powered breakers must be checked for any signs of wear or damage, and operators must be trained in their safe use.

Surface preparatory work requires the use of appropriate tools such as compactors and levelling equipment. These must be calibrated and maintained to ensure accuracy and efficiency.

For maintenance and cleaning of slot drainage, suitable cleaning tools must be employed, ensuring they are free from defects that could compromise safety or effectiveness.

When clearing drains by rodding, ensure rods are intact and securely connected to prevent dislodgement during operation.

Cleaning and unblocking drains may involve the use of high-pressure water jetting equipment; operators must be competent in its use, and equipment must be regularly serviced to prevent malfunctions.

During underground pipework water supply installation and underground sewage & storm water pipework install, trenching tools and pipe-laying equipment must be used with caution, ensuring all safety guards are in place.

For duct installation and underground cable installation, ensure that all cutting and laying tools are suitable for the materials being handled, and that all electrical equipment is PAT tested.

All personnel must wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) when operating tools and equipment, including but not limited to safety helmets, gloves, eye protection, and high-visibility clothing.

Regular audits of tool and equipment usage should be conducted to ensure compliance with safety standards and project-specific procedures.

Services and isolations

Prior to the commencement of any drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works, it is imperative to conduct a thorough survey to identify all existing underground services. This includes water supply lines, sewage and storm water pipes, and electrical cables. The survey results must be cross-referenced with utility plans to ensure accuracy.

Isolation of services is a critical step to prevent accidental damage and ensure safety. For water supply installations, the main water valve must be located and shut off before any excavation begins. Similarly, for sewage and storm water pipework, ensure that any active flow is diverted or isolated to prevent contamination and flooding.

When working near electrical cables, it is essential to liaise with the relevant utility provider to confirm the de-energisation of cables where possible. If de-energisation is not feasible, appropriate protective measures such as insulated tools and barriers must be employed.

All personnel involved in these tasks must be briefed on the location of services and the isolation procedures. Signage and barriers should be erected to clearly mark areas where services are present, and no unauthorised personnel should enter these zones.

In the event of an emergency or unexpected service encounter, work must cease immediately, and the site supervisor should be notified. Emergency contact numbers for utility providers should be readily available on-site.

Regular monitoring and checks should be conducted throughout the project to ensure that all isolations remain effective and that no new services have been introduced into the work area.

Hazardous substances

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must adhere to the following procedures when handling hazardous substances:

  • Identification and Assessment: Prior to commencement, a thorough assessment of potential hazardous substances, such as bitumen, cement, and cleaning agents, must be conducted. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for each substance should be reviewed and made accessible on-site.

  • Storage: Hazardous substances must be stored in designated areas, away from direct sunlight and sources of ignition. Containers should be clearly labelled and kept sealed when not in use to prevent accidental spillage or contamination.

  • Handling and Use: Personnel must wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection, as specified in the MSDS. When using substances like bitumen or cement, ensure that mixing and application are conducted in well-ventilated areas to minimise inhalation risks.

  • Spill Response: In the event of a spill, immediate action is required to contain and clean up the substance using appropriate spill kits. Personnel must be trained in spill response procedures and ensure that contaminated materials are disposed of in accordance with environmental regulations.

  • Waste Disposal: All waste materials containing hazardous substances must be collected and disposed of by a licenced waste contractor. Records of disposal must be maintained for audit purposes.

  • Training: All operatives must receive training on the safe handling and use of hazardous substances specific to drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works. This includes understanding the risks associated with each substance and the correct emergency procedures.

By adhering to these procedures, the risk associated with hazardous substances can be effectively managed, ensuring the safety of all personnel involved in the project.

Deliveries and materials handling

All deliveries of materials related to drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works shall be scheduled to minimise disruption to the public highway and ensure the safety of all site personnel. Delivery vehicles must be coordinated to avoid peak traffic hours and ensure that access routes remain clear for emergency services.

Upon arrival, delivery vehicles shall be directed to designated unloading areas by a competent banksman. The banksman must ensure that the unloading area is free from obstructions and that the ground is stable enough to support the weight of the materials and equipment.

Materials such as paving slabs, drainage pipes, and ducting must be offloaded using appropriate mechanical handling equipment, such as forklifts or cranes, to prevent manual handling injuries. All operatives involved in the unloading process must wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including high-visibility clothing, safety boots, and gloves.

Once offloaded, materials should be stored in a secure and organised manner, ensuring that they do not obstruct pathways or access routes. Particular attention must be given to the storage of hazardous materials, which should be kept in accordance with COSHH regulations.

Regular inspections of stored materials shall be conducted to ensure their integrity and safety. Any damaged materials must be reported immediately and removed from site to prevent potential hazards.

All waste materials generated during the works must be segregated and disposed of in accordance with the site waste management plan. This includes ensuring that any packaging materials are recycled where possible and that waste is not allowed to accumulate on site.

PPE

All personnel engaged in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must adhere to the following Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) requirements to ensure safety and compliance with health and safety regulations:

  • High-Visibility Clothing: Workers must wear high-visibility vests or jackets at all times to ensure they are easily seen by vehicular traffic and machinery operators, particularly when working on or near public highways.

  • Safety Footwear: Steel-toe capped boots with slip-resistant soles are mandatory to protect against foot injuries from heavy materials and provide stability on uneven surfaces.

  • Hard Hats: Hard hats must be worn to protect against head injuries from falling objects or accidental contact with overhead hazards during excavation and installation tasks.

  • Eye Protection: Safety goggles or glasses are required when operating hydraulic or petrol-powered breakers to shield eyes from flying debris and dust.

  • Hearing Protection: Ear defenders or earplugs must be used when operating or working near loud equipment such as hydraulic breakers to prevent hearing damage.

  • Gloves: Durable work gloves should be worn to protect hands from cuts, abrasions, and exposure to hazardous substances during maintenance, cleaning, and installation activities.

  • Respiratory Protection: Dust masks or respirators must be used when working in dusty environments or when handling materials that may release harmful particles.

All PPE must be inspected regularly for damage and replaced as necessary. Compliance with these PPE requirements is mandatory, and any deviations must be reported immediately to the site supervisor.

Emergency procedures

In the event of an emergency during drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works, the following procedures must be adhered to:

  1. Immediate Response: Upon identifying an emergency, such as a gas leak, water main burst, or electrical hazard, all personnel must cease operations immediately and move to a safe distance from the affected area.

  2. Communication: The site supervisor must be notified without delay. The supervisor is responsible for contacting emergency services by dialling 999, providing clear details of the incident, including the nature of the emergency and precise location.

  3. Evacuation: Personnel must follow the designated evacuation routes to the assembly point. It is imperative that all workers are accounted for at the assembly point. No one should re-enter the site until it is declared safe by the emergency services.

  4. Traffic Management: In the case of emergencies on public highways, traffic management systems must be activated to ensure the safety of both workers and the public. This includes deploying barriers and signage to redirect traffic away from the affected area.

  5. Utility Isolation: If safe to do so, and without putting themselves at risk, trained personnel should isolate any utilities involved in the emergency, such as shutting off water valves or electrical supplies, to prevent further hazards.

  6. First Aid: First aiders on site should attend to any injured persons, ensuring that they are moved to a safe location if necessary. Injuries must be reported to the site supervisor and recorded in the accident book.

  7. Post-Incident Review: Once the situation is under control, a debrief must be conducted to review the incident and identify any lessons learned. This review should be documented and shared with all relevant parties to prevent future occurrences.

All personnel must be familiar with these procedures and participate in regular emergency drills to ensure preparedness.

Safety of public and occupiers

All works shall be conducted with the utmost consideration for the safety of the public and occupiers. Barriers and signage will be erected around the work area to prevent unauthorised access and to clearly delineate the construction zone. These barriers must be robust and stable, ensuring they remain effective throughout the duration of the works.

Traffic management plans will be implemented where works are conducted on or near public highways. This includes the use of temporary traffic lights, road closures, or diversions as necessary, to maintain safe vehicle and pedestrian flow. All traffic management measures must comply with local authority requirements and be clearly communicated to the public.

During surface breaking activities, such as those involving hydraulic or petrol-powered breakers, noise and dust suppression techniques will be employed to minimise disruption. This includes the use of water suppression systems and ensuring machinery is well-maintained to reduce noise levels.

Slot drainage maintenance and cleaning will be scheduled during off-peak hours where possible to minimise inconvenience to the public. Access covers will be securely replaced immediately after maintenance activities to prevent trip hazards.

For underground pipework and cable installations, all excavations will be securely fenced off, with appropriate warning signs displayed. Excavations will be backfilled or covered when not in active use to prevent accidental falls.

In the event of drain clearing activities, such as rodding or unblocking, measures will be taken to ensure that any displaced materials do not pose a hazard to passers-by. This includes immediate clean-up of any spillages and safe disposal of waste materials.

Regular inspections will be conducted to ensure all safety measures remain effective and any issues are promptly addressed. Public liaison officers will be appointed to handle any concerns raised by the community, ensuring clear communication and swift resolution of any issues related to public safety.

Asbestos

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must be vigilant for the presence of asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) during excavation and surface-breaking activities. Prior to commencement, a thorough review of existing asbestos surveys and records must be conducted to identify any known ACMs within the work area.

If suspected ACMs are encountered:

  1. Stop Work Immediately: Cease all operations in the vicinity of the suspected material.
  2. Isolate the Area: Implement barriers or signage to prevent access to the affected area.
  3. Report: Notify the site manager and health and safety advisor without delay.
  4. Assessment: Engage a licenced asbestos surveyor to assess the material and confirm its nature.
  5. Removal: If removal is necessary, it must be carried out by a licenced asbestos removal contractor in accordance with Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012.

During surface preparatory work and breaking activities, operatives must remain alert to potential ACMs, particularly in older infrastructure where asbestos may have been used in ducting or pipework insulation. Training on asbestos awareness is mandatory for all operatives to ensure they can identify potential ACMs and understand the procedures to follow.

Documentation of any asbestos-related incidents or findings must be maintained and communicated to all relevant parties. This ensures that all personnel are informed of potential risks and that appropriate measures are taken to mitigate exposure.

Monitoring

Monitoring of the drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works shall be conducted with a focus on ensuring compliance with health and safety standards, as well as the quality of work. Daily inspections will be carried out by the site supervisor to assess the condition of the work area, ensuring that all safety measures are in place and adhered to. Particular attention will be given to the stability of excavations and the integrity of temporary barriers.

Regular checks will be performed on all equipment, including hydraulic and petrol-powered breakers, to ensure they are in safe working order. Any defects identified must be reported immediately, and faulty equipment must be taken out of service until repaired.

Surface preparation and breaking activities will be monitored to ensure that dust suppression measures are effectively implemented, minimising airborne particles. The use of water suppression or extraction systems will be verified during these operations.

For drainage maintenance and cleaning, monitoring will focus on ensuring that all personnel are using appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) and that manual handling techniques are employed correctly to prevent injury.

Underground installations, such as pipework and cable installations, will be subject to continuous monitoring to ensure that trench supports are adequate and that safe access is maintained at all times. The depth and alignment of installations will be checked against project specifications to ensure compliance.

Environmental monitoring will include regular assessments of noise levels, particularly when using powered breakers, to ensure they remain within acceptable limits. Additionally, measures to prevent contamination of watercourses during drainage works will be verified.

All findings from monitoring activities will be documented in daily reports, which will be reviewed by the project manager to ensure any issues are addressed promptly. Non-compliance with safety procedures or quality standards will result in immediate corrective actions.

Waste management

All waste generated from drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works shall be managed in accordance with the following procedures to ensure compliance with relevant legislation and minimise environmental impact.

Segregation and Identification
Waste materials shall be segregated at the source into distinct categories: excavated materials, concrete and asphalt debris, metal, plastic, and general waste. Each category must be clearly identified and stored in designated containers or areas to prevent cross-contamination.

Collection and Storage
Excavated materials shall be temporarily stored on-site in a manner that prevents contamination of surrounding areas. Concrete and asphalt debris must be collected in skips or containers designed to handle heavy materials. Metal and plastic waste should be stored separately to facilitate recycling. All storage areas must be clearly marked and regularly inspected to ensure compliance with safety standards.

Transportation and Disposal
Licenced waste carriers shall be engaged for the transportation of waste materials off-site. All waste must be accompanied by appropriate documentation, including waste transfer notes, to ensure traceability. Disposal shall occur at authorised facilities that are equipped to handle specific types of construction waste.

Recycling and Reuse
Where feasible, materials such as concrete and asphalt shall be recycled or reused within the project or other suitable applications. Metal waste should be directed to recycling facilities. Efforts must be made to identify opportunities for the reuse of excavated materials in landscaping or backfilling operations.

Monitoring and Reporting
Regular audits shall be conducted to ensure adherence to waste management procedures. Records of waste generation, transportation, and disposal must be maintained and reviewed periodically. Any deviations from the established procedures must be documented and corrective actions implemented promptly.

Minimisation Strategies
Efforts shall be made to minimise waste generation through efficient planning and execution of tasks. This includes accurate measurement of materials required for paving and road works to reduce excess. Training sessions will be conducted for personnel to raise awareness about waste minimisation practises.

By adhering to these procedures, the project aims to manage waste effectively, ensuring environmental protection and compliance with statutory requirements.

Environmental considerations

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must adhere to the following project-specific environmental procedures:

  1. Minimise Dust Emissions: During surface preparatory work and breaking activities, employ dust suppression techniques such as water spraying. Ensure that all equipment is fitted with dust extraction systems where applicable.

  2. Noise Control: Utilise equipment with noise-reducing features, particularly when operating hydraulic and petrol-powered breakers. Schedule noisy operations during designated hours to minimise disturbance to nearby residents and businesses.

  3. Waste Management: Segregate waste materials generated from breaking surfaces and pipework installations. Recycle materials where possible and dispose of non-recyclable waste in accordance with local regulations.

  4. Protection of Watercourses: Implement measures to prevent contamination of nearby watercourses during drainage maintenance and cleaning activities. Use silt traps and barriers to control runoff and ensure that no hazardous substances enter the drainage system.

  5. Spill Response: Maintain spill kits on-site for immediate response to any accidental spills of fuel or other hazardous substances during underground pipework and cable installations. All personnel must be trained in spill response procedures.

  6. Vegetation and Wildlife Protection: Identify and protect any existing vegetation and wildlife habitats in proximity to the work area. Avoid unnecessary disturbance and ensure compliance with relevant environmental protection legislation.

  7. Erosion Control: Implement erosion control measures during ground surface works to prevent soil erosion and sedimentation, particularly in areas prone to heavy rainfall.

  8. Energy Efficiency: Utilise energy-efficient machinery and vehicles where possible to reduce carbon emissions associated with the project activities.

By adhering to these procedures, the project will mitigate its environmental impact while ensuring compliance with relevant legislation and best practises.

Near neighbours and nuisance

The project team shall ensure that all activities related to drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works are conducted with minimal disruption to near neighbours. Communication is paramount; therefore, prior to commencement, a notification letter detailing the scope of works, expected duration, and contact information for the site manager shall be distributed to all affected parties.

Noise control measures will be implemented, particularly during surface breaking activities. The use of hydraulic and petrol-powered breakers shall be restricted to designated hours, typically between 08:00 and 17:00, to avoid disturbance during early mornings and late evenings. Equipment shall be regularly maintained to ensure optimal performance and reduced noise emissions.

Dust suppression techniques will be employed during surface preparatory work and breaking activities. Water spraying or dust extraction systems shall be utilised to minimise airborne particles. Additionally, all materials transported to and from the site will be covered to prevent dust spread.

To address traffic management, clear signage and barriers will be erected to guide both vehicular and pedestrian traffic safely around the work area. Temporary traffic lights or manual traffic control may be employed as necessary to maintain smooth traffic flow and prevent congestion.

Regular site inspections will be conducted to ensure compliance with these procedures, and any complaints from neighbours will be promptly addressed by the site manager. Feedback from the community will be actively sought to improve practises and maintain good relations throughout the project duration.

Occupational health

All personnel involved in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must adhere to the following occupational health procedures to mitigate health risks associated with these tasks:

Manual Handling: Workers must employ proper manual handling techniques when lifting or moving heavy materials such as paving slabs, drainage pipes, and equipment. Mechanical aids should be used where possible to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.

Noise Exposure: Operatives using hydraulic and petrol-powered breakers must wear appropriate hearing protection to prevent noise-induced hearing loss. Regular monitoring of noise levels should be conducted to ensure compliance with exposure limits.

Vibration Exposure: To minimise the risk of Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS), operatives must limit the use of vibrating tools such as breakers. Rotation of tasks and regular breaks should be implemented. Equipment must be maintained to reduce vibration levels.

Dust Control: During surface preparation and breaking activities, dust suppression measures such as water spraying or local exhaust ventilation should be employed. Workers must wear suitable respiratory protective equipment (RPE) to prevent inhalation of harmful dust particles.

Chemical Exposure: When handling substances such as cleaning agents for slot drainage maintenance, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) including gloves and eye protection must be worn. Safety data sheets (SDS) should be available on-site for all hazardous substances.

Ergonomics: Tasks involving repetitive movements, such as rodding drains or installing underground pipework, should be assessed for ergonomic risks. Workstations and tools should be adjusted to minimise strain and fatigue.

Heat Stress: For outdoor works during hot weather, measures such as providing shaded rest areas, ensuring adequate hydration, and scheduling work during cooler parts of the day should be implemented to prevent heat-related illnesses.

Training and Awareness: All workers must receive training on occupational health risks specific to their tasks and the correct use of PPE. Regular toolbox talks should reinforce awareness and safe practises.

These procedures are essential to safeguard the health of all personnel engaged in drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works. Compliance will be monitored through regular site inspections and health surveillance programmes.

Amendments and authorisation

All amendments to the method statement for drainage, paving, ground surface, and road works must be authorised by the Site Manager prior to implementation. Any proposed changes should be documented in writing and submitted for review. The Site Manager will assess the potential impact on safety, quality, and environmental considerations.

Key personnel, including the Project Engineer and Health and Safety Advisor, must be consulted to ensure that any amendments do not compromise the integrity of the works or the safety of operatives and the public.

Once an amendment is approved, it must be communicated to all site personnel during a toolbox talk. This ensures that everyone involved in the task is aware of the changes and understands their roles and responsibilities under the revised procedures.

For tasks involving public highway works, additional authorisation may be required from local authorities. This includes obtaining necessary permits or road closure approvals. The Site Manager is responsible for liaising with relevant authorities to secure such authorisations.

In the event of an emergency or unforeseen circumstance requiring immediate amendment, the Site Manager has the authority to implement temporary changes. These must be documented and reviewed at the earliest opportunity to ensure compliance with health and safety standards.

All amendments must be recorded in the project documentation, with a clear audit trail maintained for future reference. This includes noting the date of amendment, details of the change, and signatures of those authorising and acknowledging the amendment.

Activities

Setting up for work on public highway

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to assess the area and identify potential hazards.
  • Review and understand the relevant traffic management plans and local authority requirements.
  • Ensure all necessary permits and approvals have been obtained from the local council or highway authority.
  • Communicate with utility companies to confirm the location of underground services and mark them clearly on-site.
  • Prepare a detailed risk assessment and method statement, ensuring all team members are briefed on the contents.
  • Ensure all personnel involved in the task are trained and competent in working on public highways.
  • Gather and inspect all required equipment and materials, ensuring they are in good working condition.
  • Establish a communication plan for the team, including emergency contact procedures.
  • Set up a safe access and egress route for workers and vehicles entering and exiting the site.
  • Ensure appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) is available and worn by all personnel.
  • Position advance warning signs at the required distance from the work area to alert approaching traffic.
  • Set up cones and barriers to delineate the work zone and provide a safe working area for personnel.
  • Install temporary traffic lights or employ traffic marshals if necessary to control traffic flow.
  • Ensure that pedestrian pathways are clearly marked and accessible, providing safe passage around the work zone

Surface preparatory work

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to identify potential hazards and assess the condition of the existing surface.
  • Ensure all necessary permits and approvals have been obtained from relevant authorities.
  • Establish clear site boundaries and secure the area to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Implement appropriate traffic management measures, including signage and barriers, to ensure the safety of workers and the public.
  • Perform utility checks to locate and mark any underground services to avoid accidental damage during preparatory work.
  • Provide a detailed briefing to all personnel involved, outlining the scope of work, potential risks, and control measures.
  • Ensure all workers are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as high-visibility clothing, hard hats, gloves, and safety boots.
  • Inspect all tools and equipment to be used for surface preparatory work to ensure they are in good working condition.
  • Designate a competent person to oversee the work and ensure compliance with health and safety regulations.
  • Establish a communication plan to maintain contact between team members and emergency services if required.
  • Conduct a visual inspection of the work area to identify any hazards or obstructions.
  • Use appropriate tools and equipment to remove debris, vegetation, and loose materials from the surface.
  • Utilise mechanical sweepers or manual brooms to clean the surface thoroughly.
  • Check for any underground services using detection equipment and mark their locations clearly.
  • Inspect the surface for any damage or irregularities that may require repair prior to further work.
  • Dispose of all waste materials in accordance with environmental regulations and site procedures.
  • Conduct a final check to ensure the surface is clean, stable, and ready for subsequent tasks.

Breaking surface with hydraulic breaker

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to identify potential hazards and assess the condition of the existing surface.
  • Ensure all necessary permits and approvals have been obtained for the work to proceed.
  • Establish and secure the work area with appropriate barriers and signage to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Perform utility checks to locate and mark any underground services, such as gas, water, and electricity lines.
  • Review the risk assessment and method statement with all personnel involved in the task to ensure understanding of safety procedures.
  • Inspect the hydraulic breaker and associated equipment for any defects or maintenance issues, ensuring they are in good working order.
  • Provide all operatives with the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE), including hard hats, safety boots, high-visibility clothing, gloves, and eye protection.
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to brief the team on the specific task, highlighting potential risks and control measures.
  • Ensure that all operatives are trained and competent in the use of the hydraulic breaker and understand emergency procedures.
  • Verify that weather conditions are suitable for the task, avoiding work during adverse conditions that may compromise safety.
  • Ensure all personnel are wearing appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles, ear protection, gloves, and steel-toed boots.
  • Inspect the hydraulic breaker for any signs of damage or wear and ensure it is in good working condition.
  • Verify that the hydraulic breaker is compatible with the machinery being used and securely attached.
  • Conduct a pre-start check of the machinery, ensuring all controls and safety features are functioning correctly.
  • Position the machinery on stable ground, ensuring it is level and secure before commencing work.
  • Clearly mark the area to be broken and ensure it is free from any obstructions or hazards.
  • Begin breaking the surface by applying the hydraulic breaker at a perpendicular angle to the surface.
  • Use controlled and steady pressure to avoid excessive force that could lead to equipment damage or operator injury.
  • Regularly pause to assess progress and ensure the work area remains safe and clear of debris.
  • If necessary, reposition the machinery to maintain an optimal working angle and continue breaking the surface.
  • Upon completion, switch off the machinery and hydraulic breaker, ensuring all equipment is safely secured.
  • Conduct a post-operation inspection of the hydraulic breaker and machinery, reporting any issues or maintenance needs.
  • Clear the work area of debris and waste materials, disposing of them in accordance with site waste management procedures.
  • Store tools and equipment in designated areas, ensuring they are clean and ready for future use.
  • Remove barriers and signage once it is safe to do so, ensuring the area is left secure and tidy.

Breaking surface with petrol powered breaker

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to identify any potential hazards and existing underground services.
  • Ensure all necessary permits and approvals are obtained for the work to be carried out.
  • Set up appropriate traffic management and signage to secure the work area and protect the public.
  • Verify that all operatives have received adequate training and are competent to use the petrol-powered breaker.
  • Inspect the petrol-powered breaker to ensure it is in good working condition and all safety features are operational.
  • Provide operatives with appropriate personal protective equipment, including hearing protection, eye protection, gloves, and safety boots.
  • Establish a clear communication plan among the team members to coordinate activities and respond to emergencies.
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to review the method statement, risk assessment, and emergency procedures with all operatives.
  • Mark out the area to be broken, ensuring it is free from obstructions and clearly visible to all operatives.
  • Confirm that all necessary tools and equipment are available on-site and in good condition before commencing work.
  • Ensure the petrol-powered breaker is in good working condition and has been inspected prior to use.
  • Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, including safety goggles, ear protection, gloves, and steel-toed boots.
  • Check the work area for any hazards or obstructions and ensure it is clear of non-essential personnel.
  • Position the breaker on a stable surface and ensure a firm grip on the handles.
  • Start the breaker according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring a safe distance from others.
  • Begin breaking the surface by applying steady pressure, allowing the tool to do the work without excessive force.
  • Maintain a stable stance and adjust position as necessary to avoid overreaching or straining.
  • Regularly check for signs of fatigue or discomfort and take breaks as

Maintenance and cleaning of slot drainage

 

  • Conduct a site-specific risk assessment to identify potential hazards associated with the maintenance and cleaning of slot drainage.
  • Ensure all personnel involved in the task are adequately trained and briefed on the method statement and risk assessment.
  • Obtain necessary permits and approvals for work, particularly if the task involves working on or near public highways.
  • Set up appropriate traffic management systems, including signage and barriers, to protect workers and the public.
  • Inspect all personal protective equipment (PPE) to ensure it is in good condition and suitable for the task, including gloves, high-visibility clothing, and safety footwear.
  • Verify that all tools and equipment required for the task are available, in good working order, and have been inspected for safety compliance.
  • Establish a safe access route to the slot drainage area, ensuring it is free from obstructions and hazards.
  • Conduct a utility check to confirm the location of any underground services that may be affected by the maintenance work.
  • Ensure that an emergency plan is in place, including first aid provisions and communication procedures, in case of an incident.
  • Brief all personnel on the sequence of work, potential hazards, control measures, and emergency procedures before commencing the task.
  • Inspect the slot drainage system for any visible damage or obstructions prior to commencing work.
  • Remove any surface debris or litter from the slot drainage using a suitable tool, such as a broom or rake.
  • Utilise a high-pressure water jet or vacuum system to dislodge and remove accumulated silt and debris within the drainage channel.
  • Inspect the drainage channel for any remaining blockages and manually remove them using appropriate tools, such as drain rods or hand tools.
  • Check for any signs of damage or wear within the drainage system and report any issues to the site supervisor for further assessment.
  • Once cleaning is complete, conduct a final inspection to ensure the drainage is clear and functioning correctly.
  • Remove all equipment and tools from the work area and store them safely.
  • Dismantle barriers and warning signs, ensuring the area is left clean and tidy.

Clearing drains by rodding

 

  • Conduct a site-specific risk assessment to identify potential hazards associated with drain rodding.
  • Ensure all personnel involved are trained and competent in drain rodding procedures.
  • Verify that all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, safety goggles, and high-visibility clothing, is available and worn by the operatives.
  • Establish a safe working area by setting up barriers and warning signs to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Inspect the rodding equipment for any damage or defects before use.
  • Identify the location of all underground services to avoid accidental damage during the rodding process.
  • Remove the drain cover using appropriate lifting tools to avoid manual handling injuries.
  • Assess the drain for any visible blockages or hazards before commencing rodding.
  • Insert the rod into the drain carefully, ensuring a firm grip and controlled movement.
  • Gently push the rod forward, applying steady pressure to dislodge the blockage.
  • Rotate the rod as necessary to navigate bends and ensure effective clearance.
  • Withdraw the rod slowly, checking for any debris or obstructions attached to it.
  • Repeat the rodding process as needed until the drain is clear and water flows freely.
  • Replace the drain cover securely once the task is completed.
  • Clean and inspect the rodding equipment after use, storing it

Cleaning and unblocking drains

 

  • Conduct a thorough risk assessment to identify potential hazards associated with drain cleaning and unblocking.
  • Ensure all personnel involved are trained and competent in drain cleaning procedures and equipment use.
  • Verify that all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves, goggles, and protective clothing, is available and worn by workers.
  • Confirm that all tools and equipment required for the task are in good working condition and have been inspected prior to use.
  • Establish a safe working area by setting up barriers and warning signs to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Identify and isolate any electrical or mechanical systems that may pose a risk during the cleaning process.
  • Ensure that a safe method of access and egress is available for workers entering confined spaces, if applicable.
  • Test the atmosphere in confined spaces for hazardous gases or lack of oxygen, using appropriate detection equipment.
  • Implement a permit-to-work system if the task involves entry into confined spaces or other high-risk activities.
  • Brief all personnel on the specific method statement and emergency procedures before commencing work.
  • Conduct a visual inspection of the drain covers and surrounding area for any visible hazards or obstructions.
  • Remove drain covers using appropriate lifting tools to avoid manual handling injuries.
  • Assess the blockage by inspecting the drain for debris, sediment, or other obstructions.
  • Use drain rods to gently probe and dislodge the blockage, taking care not to damage the pipework.
  • If necessary, employ a high-pressure water jetting system to clear stubborn blockages, ensuring all operators are trained in its use.
  • Continuously monitor the flow of water to confirm that the blockage has been successfully cleared.
  • Once cleared, flush the drain with clean water to ensure all debris is removed and the system is functioning correctly.
  • Replace drain covers securely, ensuring they are properly seated to prevent future hazards.
  • Conduct a final inspection of the work area to ensure it is clean and free from debris.
  • Remove barriers and warning signs once the area is deemed safe for normal use.
  • Clean and store all tools and equipment properly, ensuring they are ready for future use.
  • Dispose of any waste materials in accordance with local regulations and environmental guidelines.

Underground pipework water supply installation

 

  • Conduct a comprehensive site survey to identify existing underground utilities and potential hazards.
  • Obtain all necessary permits and approvals from relevant authorities for the installation work.
  • Develop a detailed method statement and risk assessment specific to the underground pipework installation.
  • Ensure all personnel involved in the task are adequately trained and briefed on the method statement and risk assessment.
  • Set up appropriate traffic management systems if the work affects public highways, ensuring clear signage and barriers are in place.
  • Establish site boundaries and secure the area to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Conduct utility checks using appropriate detection equipment to confirm the location of existing services.
  • Mark the location of existing utilities on the ground to avoid accidental damage during excavation.
  • Ensure all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE) is available and worn by personnel on site.
  • Inspect all tools and equipment to ensure they are in good working condition and suitable for the task.
  • Prepare the surface by removing any debris or vegetation that may obstruct the work area.
  • Brief all personnel on emergency procedures, including the location of first aid facilities and emergency contact numbers.
  • Excavate the trench to the required depth and width, ensuring stable sides to prevent collapse.
  • Inspect the trench for any signs of instability or water ingress, and install trench supports if necessary.
  • Lay a suitable bedding material at the base of the trench to provide a stable foundation for the pipework.
  • Carefully lower the pipe sections into the trench using appropriate lifting equipment, ensuring no damage occurs.
  • Connect the pipe sections using approved methods and materials, ensuring all joints are secure and watertight.
  • Install any necessary fittings, valves, or connections as per the project specifications.
  • Conduct a pressure test on the installed pipework to ensure there are no leaks or defects.
  • Backfill the trench with suitable material in layers, compacting each layer to prevent future settlement.
  • Restore the surface to its original condition or as specified in the project plan.
  • Conduct a final inspection to ensure all work has been completed to the required standard and safety measures have been adhered to.
  • Remove all tools and equipment from the site, ensuring they are cleaned and stored appropriately.
  • Dispose of any waste materials in accordance with local regulations and environmental guidelines.
  • Dismantle site boundaries and remove traffic management systems once it is safe to do so.

Underground sewage and storm water pipework installation

 

  • Conduct a comprehensive site survey to identify existing underground services and potential hazards.
  • Obtain all necessary permits and approvals from relevant authorities for excavation and pipework installation.
  • Establish clear site boundaries and secure the area with appropriate barriers and signage to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Implement traffic management measures if the work affects public highways, ensuring safe passage for vehicles and pedestrians.
  • Perform a utility check to locate and mark existing underground services, using appropriate detection equipment.
  • Ensure all personnel involved in the task are briefed on the method statement and risk assessment, highlighting specific hazards and control measures.
  • Verify that all required personal protective equipment (PPE) is available and worn by workers, including high-visibility clothing, hard hats, and safety boots.
  • Inspect all tools and equipment to be used for the task, ensuring they are in good working condition and suitable for the job.
  • Prepare the surface by removing any debris or vegetation that may obstruct the excavation process.
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to discuss the specific steps of the task, emergency procedures, and communication protocols.
  • Excavate the trench to the required depth and width, ensuring stable sides and safe access for workers.
  • Inspect the trench for stability and install trench supports or shoring if necessary to prevent collapse.
  • Check the trench base for levelness and compact it to provide a stable foundation for the pipework.
  • Lay bedding material in the trench, ensuring it is evenly distributed and compacted to support the pipes.
  • Position the sewage or stormwater pipes in the trench, starting from the downstream end, and ensure correct alignment and gradient.
  • Connect pipe sections using appropriate jointing methods, ensuring watertight seals are achieved.
  • Install any necessary fittings, such as bends or junctions, according to the design specifications.
  • Conduct a visual inspection of the installed pipework to ensure proper alignment and joint integrity.
  • Backfill the trench with suitable material in layers, compacting each layer to prevent settlement.
  • Restore the surface to its original condition or as specified in the project plan, ensuring proper drainage and stability.
  • Conduct a final inspection of the completed installation to verify compliance with design specifications and quality standards.
  • Remove all tools and equipment from the site, ensuring they are cleaned and stored appropriately.
  • Dispose of any waste materials in accordance with environmental regulations and site waste management plans.
  • Dismantle site barriers and signage, ensuring the area is left clean and safe for public access.

Duct installation

 

  • Conduct a comprehensive site survey to identify existing underground services and potential hazards.
  • Review and update the risk assessment and method statement to reflect site-specific conditions.
  • Obtain all necessary permits and approvals from relevant authorities for duct installation.
  • Ensure all personnel are briefed on the task-specific risk assessment and method statement.
  • Set up appropriate traffic management systems and signage if working on or near a public highway.
  • Establish clear site boundaries and secure the area to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Conduct a utility check using cable detection equipment to accurately mark existing services.
  • Ensure all required personal protective equipment (PPE) is available and worn by personnel.
  • Verify that all tools and equipment are in good working condition and suitable for the task.
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to discuss the planned sequence of work, potential risks, and control measures.
  • Confirm that emergency procedures are in place and understood by all personnel on site.
  • Ensure that all necessary materials for duct installation are on site and stored safely.
  • Verify that all necessary personal protective equipment (PPE) is worn by the workforce, including hard hats, high-visibility clothing, gloves, and safety boots.
  • Confirm that the area is free from overhead hazards and that any necessary shoring or trench support is in place.
  • Use appropriate lifting equipment to transport duct sections to the installation site, ensuring manual handling is minimised.
  • Position the duct sections in the trench, ensuring alignment with the design specifications and maintaining the correct gradient.
  • Securely join duct sections using approved methods and materials, ensuring a watertight and stable connection.
  • Install any required spacers or supports to maintain duct alignment and prevent movement during backfilling.
  • Conduct a visual inspection of the installed ducts to ensure compliance with design and safety standards.
  • Backfill the trench in layers, compacting each layer to prevent settlement and protect the installed ducts.
  • Record the installation details, including any deviations from the plan, for future reference and quality assurance.
  • Remove all tools and equipment from the site, ensuring they are cleaned and stored appropriately.
  • Clear the site of any waste materials, disposing of them in accordance with environmental regulations.
  • Dismantle any temporary barriers or signage, ensuring the area is left safe for public access if applicable.
  • Conduct a final site inspection to ensure all safety measures have been adhered to and the site is left in a tidy condition.

Underground cable installation

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to identify existing underground services and potential hazards.
  • Obtain and review utility plans to ensure accurate identification of existing cables and pipes.
  • Perform a risk assessment to evaluate potential risks associated with underground cable installation.
  • Ensure all necessary permits and approvals are obtained prior to commencing work.
  • Establish clear communication protocols with all team members and relevant stakeholders.
  • Set up appropriate traffic management and signage if work is conducted near public highways.
  • Mark out the work area and existing services using appropriate markers and barriers.
  • Ensure all personnel are equipped with the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE).
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to brief the team on the task, safety measures, and emergency procedures.
  • Verify that all equipment and tools are in good working condition and suitable for the task.
  • Isolate any live services in the vicinity of the work area to prevent accidental contact.
  • Excavate the trench carefully, using hand tools near existing services to avoid damage.
  • Inspect the trench for stability and ensure it is safe for personnel to enter.
  • Install shoring or trench support systems if required to prevent collapse.
  • Lay a suitable bedding material at the base of the trench to provide a stable foundation for the cables.
  • Position the cables in the trench according to the design specifications, ensuring they are not twisted or kinked.
  • Maintain a safe distance between cables and other utilities, adhering to industry standards and regulations.
  • Install protective covers or conduits over the cables to prevent damage from future excavation or environmental factors.
  • Backfill the trench with suitable material, compacting it in layers to prevent settlement and protect the cables.
  • Conduct a final inspection to ensure all cables are correctly installed and protected, and that the trench is properly backfilled.
  • Record the location and depth of the installed cables for future reference and update site plans accordingly.
  • Remove all tools, equipment, and waste materials from the site, ensuring it is left clean and tidy.
  • Dismantle barriers and signage, ensuring the area is safe for public access if applicable.
  • Conduct a debrief with the team to review the task and address any issues or improvements for future work.

Laying and compacting sub-base material

 

  • Conduct a thorough site inspection to identify any potential hazards and ensure the area is clear of obstructions.
  • Review the risk assessment and method statement with all personnel involved in the task to ensure understanding of safety protocols.
  • Verify that all necessary permits and approvals for the work have been obtained and are up to date.
  • Ensure all workers are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment, including high-visibility clothing, hard hats, gloves, and safety boots.
  • Confirm that all machinery and equipment required for the task are in good working order and have been inspected for safety compliance.
  • Establish clear communication channels among the team, including the use of hand signals or radios if necessary.
  • Set up barriers and signage to delineate the work area and prevent unauthorised access by the public or other site personnel.
  • Conduct a utility check to confirm the location of any underground services and mark them clearly to avoid accidental damage.
  • Prepare the surface by removing any debris, vegetation, or loose material to create a stable base for the sub-base material.
  • Ensure that weather conditions are suitable for laying and compacting sub-base material, avoiding work during heavy rain or extreme temperatures.
  • Conduct a visual inspection of the site to confirm that the excavation is to the correct depth and free from debris or standing water.
  • Verify that the sub-base material is suitable for the intended use and has been delivered to the site in accordance with specifications.
  • Use machinery such as an excavator or loader to evenly distribute the sub-base material across the prepared area.
  • Spread the material in layers not exceeding 150mm in depth to ensure even compaction.
  • Utilise a mechanical compactor or roller to compact each layer thoroughly, ensuring that the surface is level and stable.
  • Check the compaction of each layer using a suitable method, such as a plate bearing test or nuclear density gauge, to confirm compliance with project specifications.
  • Repeat the process of spreading and compacting until the required sub-base thickness is achieved.
  • Ensure that the final surface is smooth, level, and free from any loose material or irregularities.
  • Conduct a final inspection to verify that the sub-base meets all design and quality requirements before proceeding with subsequent construction activities.
  • Remove all tools, equipment, and machinery from the work area, ensuring they are cleaned and stored appropriately.
  • Dispose of any waste materials in accordance with site waste management procedures and environmental regulations.
  • Dismantle barriers and signage, ensuring that the site is left secure and safe for future work or public access.
  • Conduct a debrief with all personnel involved to review the task completion and address any issues or improvements for future tasks.

Installation of paving materials

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to identify any potential hazards and ensure the area is safe for work.
  • Complete a detailed risk assessment and method statement, ensuring all personnel are briefed on the findings and control measures.
  • Verify that all necessary permits and approvals have been obtained and are valid for the duration of the work.
  • Ensure all workers have received appropriate training and are equipped with the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE).
  • Set up traffic management systems and signage if the work area is adjacent to or on a public highway.
  • Establish clear site boundaries and secure the area to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Conduct utility checks to identify and mark any existing underground services to avoid accidental damage during excavation.
  • Prepare the surface by removing debris, vegetation, and any existing paving materials, ensuring a clean and stable base.
  • Excavate the area to the required depth, ensuring that the sub-base is level and compacted to provide a solid foundation for the paving materials.
  • Inspect the prepared surface to confirm it meets the specifications outlined in the project plan before proceeding with paving installation.
  • Ensure all necessary tools and equipment are in good working condition and readily available on site.
  • Position paving materials close to the work area to minimise manual handling and reduce the risk of injury.
  • Use mechanical lifting aids or team lifting techniques to handle heavy paving materials safely.
  • Lay paving materials according to the specified pattern, ensuring alignment and spacing are consistent with project requirements.
  • Utilise appropriate tools, such as rubber mallets and spirit levels, to adjust and level paving materials as needed.
  • Regularly check the work against design specifications to ensure compliance with quality standards.
  • Maintain clear communication among team members to coordinate movements and avoid accidents.
  • Periodically inspect the work area for potential hazards, such as trip hazards or unstable materials, and address them promptly.
  • Upon completion of paving installation, conduct a thorough inspection to ensure all materials are securely in place and meet project specifications.
  • Collect and store all tools and equipment in designated areas, ensuring they are cleaned and maintained for future use.
  • Remove any temporary barriers or signage, ensuring that the site is left in a safe condition for public access.
  • Dispose of waste materials responsibly, following environmental regulations and site-specific waste management plans.

Laying asphalt or concrete surfaces

 

  • Conduct a thorough site inspection to identify potential hazards and ensure the area is clear of obstructions.
  • Verify that all necessary permits and approvals have been obtained and are on site.
  • Ensure all personnel have received appropriate training and are wearing the required personal protective equipment.
  • Set up traffic management systems and signage to protect workers and the public.
  • Establish site boundaries and secure the area to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Perform utility checks to locate and mark any underground services.
  • Prepare the surface by removing debris, vegetation, and any existing materials that may impede the laying process.
  • Ensure that all equipment and machinery are in good working order and have been inspected prior to use.
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to brief all workers on the task-specific risks and safety measures.
  • Confirm that weather conditions are suitable for laying asphalt or concrete surfaces.
  • Conduct a pre-start briefing to communicate the method statement and risk assessment to all workers involved.
  • Inspect the prepared surface to ensure it is clean, dry, and free from debris or loose materials.
  • Set up barriers and signage to delineate the work area and prevent unauthorised access.
  • Position machinery and equipment, such as pavers and rollers, ensuring they are in good working order and operated by trained personnel.
  • Begin laying the asphalt or concrete by evenly distributing the material using the paver or screed.
  • Monitor the temperature of the asphalt or concrete to ensure it is within the specified range for optimal compaction and curing.
  • Use hand tools to spread and level the material in areas inaccessible to machinery, ensuring a consistent thickness.
  • Compact the surface using rollers, starting from the edges and working towards the centre, to achieve the required density and finish.
  • Continuously check for any defects or irregularities in the surface and rectify them promptly.
  • Allow the surface to cure for the recommended time before permitting any traffic or load on it.
  • Conduct a final inspection to ensure the surface meets quality standards and specifications.
  • Remove all barriers, signage, and traffic management systems once it is safe to do so.
  • Clean up the site by collecting and disposing of waste materials responsibly.
  • Store tools and equipment in designated areas, ensuring they are cleaned and maintained for future use.
  • Remove site security measures and restore access as appropriate.

Finishing and sealing surfaces

 

  • Conduct a thorough site inspection to ensure all preceding tasks have been completed to specification and the area is clear of obstructions.
  • Verify that all necessary permits and approvals for the work have been obtained and are up to date.
  • Ensure that all workers have received appropriate training and are wearing the required personal protective equipment.
  • Confirm that all tools and equipment required for finishing and sealing are in good working condition and have been inspected for safety.
  • Establish a clear communication plan among the team to coordinate activities and address any potential hazards.
  • Set up appropriate barriers and signage to restrict access to the work area and protect the public.
  • Review the weather conditions to ensure they are suitable for finishing and sealing operations, adjusting plans if necessary.
  • Conduct a toolbox talk to discuss the specific risks associated with finishing and sealing surfaces, including safe handling of materials.
  • Ensure that all materials required for the task are available on site and stored safely, following manufacturer’s guidelines.
  • Confirm that emergency procedures are in place, including first aid provisions and contact details for emergency services.
  • Inspect the surface to ensure it is clean, dry, and free from debris or contaminants.
  • Select appropriate finishing and sealing materials based on the surface type and project specifications.
  • Mix the sealing compound according to the manufacturer’s instructions, ensuring a consistent and even mixture.
  • Apply the sealant evenly across the surface using suitable tools such as brushes, rollers, or sprayers.
  • Work systematically from one end of the area to the other to ensure complete coverage without missing sections.
  • Allow the sealant to cure for the recommended time, ensuring no traffic or disturbance occurs during this period.
  • Inspect the sealed surface for any missed areas or imperfections and apply additional sealant if necessary.
  • Clean all tools and equipment used in the sealing process, disposing of any waste materials responsibly.
  • Conduct a final inspection to ensure the surface is finished to the required standard and is safe for use.
  • Remove barriers and signage once the surface is fully cured and safe for access.
  • Store tools and equipment securely, ensuring they are cleaned and maintained for future use.
  • Dispose of any remaining waste materials in accordance with local regulations and environmental guidelines.

Site clearance and waste disposal

 

  • Conduct a thorough site survey to identify potential hazards and assess the scope of clearance required.
  • Develop a site-specific risk assessment and method statement, ensuring all personnel are briefed on the findings.
  • Obtain necessary permits and approvals for waste disposal in accordance with local regulations.
  • Establish site boundaries and secure the area with appropriate barriers and signage to prevent unauthorised access.
  • Ensure all personnel are equipped with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for the tasks involved.
  • Conduct a utility check to identify and mark any underground services that may be affected during clearance.
  • Arrange for the provision of suitable waste containers and designate a waste storage area on site.
  • Brief all personnel on the safe working procedures and emergency protocols specific to site clearance activities.
  • Inspect all equipment and machinery to ensure they are in safe working order before commencing operations.
  • Implement traffic management measures if necessary to ensure safe movement of vehicles and machinery on site.
  • Segregate waste materials into categories such as recyclable, non-recyclable, and hazardous waste.
  • Use appropriate tools and equipment to collect and contain waste materials safely.
  • Ensure hazardous waste is handled and stored in compliance with relevant regulations and guidelines.
  • Transport waste materials to designated disposal or recycling areas using suitable vehicles or containers.
  • Dispose of non-recyclable waste at licenced waste disposal facilities.
  • Ensure recyclable materials are sent to appropriate recycling centres.
  • Maintain clear records of waste types, quantities, and disposal methods for compliance purposes.
  • Conduct a final inspection of the site to ensure all waste has been removed and the area is clean.
  • Store tools and equipment securely, ensuring they are cleaned and maintained as necessary.
  • Remove barriers and signage, ensuring the site is left in a safe condition for subsequent activities.
  • Provide a debriefing session for personnel to discuss any issues encountered and lessons learned.

Hazardous Substances

Asphalt fumes

Asphalt fumes are emitted during the heating and application of asphalt materials used in paving and road surfacing tasks.

Inhalation : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers directly handling or applying asphalt | Site supervisors overseeing paving operations | Nearby workers on the construction site

Type of harm: Asbestosis / Lung Cancer / Mesothelioma | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Occasional (3) = Medium (9)

Controls

  • Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas to disperse asphalt fumes effectively.
  • Provide and enforce the use of appropriate respiratory protective equipment (RPE) for workers.
  • Implement a fume extraction system at the source of emission where feasible.
  • Schedule work during cooler periods to minimise fume generation.
  • Conduct regular air monitoring to assess fume levels and adjust controls accordingly.
  • Train workers on the hazards of asphalt fumes and safe work practises.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Eye Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling asphalt materials

Type of harm: Eye Damage

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Occasional (3) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Provide workers with safety goggles or face shields to prevent eye exposure.
  • Ensure proper ventilation or use extraction systems to reduce fume concentration.
  • Implement a no-touch policy for eyes and face when handling asphalt materials.
  • Conduct regular training on the correct use of personal protective equipment.
  • Establish emergency eyewash stations near work areas for immediate use.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Skin Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling asphalt materials | Labourers involved in road works

Type of harm: Dermatitis

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as long-sleeved clothing and gloves, to prevent direct skin contact with asphalt fumes.
  • Use barrier creams to provide an additional layer of protection on exposed skin areas.
  • Implement proper hygiene practises, including washing hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling materials.
  • Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas to reduce the concentration of asphalt fumes.
  • Provide training to workers on the risks of skin contact with asphalt fumes and the importance of using protective measures.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Silica dust

Silica dust is not intended for use; it is a hazardous by-product generated during the cutting, breaking, or grinding of materials such as concrete, paving, and other construction materials containing crystalline silica.

Inhalation : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors | Other trades working in proximity

Type of harm: Asbestosis / Lung Cancer / Mesothelioma | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD | Death

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Occasional (3) = Medium (12)

Controls

  • Use water suppression systems to dampen dust during cutting or breaking activities.
  • Provide and enforce the use of appropriate respiratory protective equipment (RPE) for workers.
  • Implement local exhaust ventilation systems to capture airborne dust at the source.
  • Limit the time workers are exposed to silica dust by rotating tasks.
  • Conduct regular air monitoring to ensure dust levels remain below occupational exposure limits.
  • Train workers on the hazards of silica dust and proper control measures.
  • Ensure all equipment is well-maintained to prevent excessive dust generation.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Cement dust

Cement dust is generated during the mixing, cutting, and handling of cement-based materials used in paving and construction tasks.

Inhalation : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers | Site supervisors

Type of harm: Asbestosis / Lung Cancer / Mesothelioma | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD | Smoke Inhalation

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Use water suppression techniques to minimise airborne cement dust during cutting or mixing.
  • Provide and enforce the use of appropriate respiratory protective equipment (RPE) such as FFP3 masks.
  • Ensure adequate ventilation in enclosed or confined work areas to disperse dust.
  • Implement dust extraction systems on tools and equipment where feasible.
  • Conduct regular air monitoring to assess dust levels and ensure compliance with exposure limits.
  • Train workers on the hazards of cement dust and proper use of control measures.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Eye Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling cement | Site supervisors and managers | Nearby workers on site

Type of harm: Eye Damage

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Occasional (3) = Medium (12)

Controls

  • Wear safety goggles or face shields to prevent cement dust from entering the eyes.
  • Use water suppression methods to minimise airborne dust during mixing and handling.
  • Ensure proper ventilation in enclosed spaces to reduce dust concentration.
  • Provide eye wash stations on site for immediate use in case of exposure.
  • Implement regular cleaning schedules to remove settled dust from surfaces.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Skin Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling cement | Site labourers involved in mixing or applying cement | Maintenance personnel cleaning equipment with cement residue

Type of harm: Burns | Dermatitis

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Probable (4) = Medium (16)

Controls

  • Wear long-sleeved clothing and trousers to minimise skin exposure.
  • Use appropriate gloves, such as nitrile or rubber, to protect hands.
  • Apply barrier creams to exposed skin areas before commencing work.
  • Provide washing facilities with soap and water for immediate cleansing.
  • Ensure workers are trained on the risks and safe handling of cement.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Diesel exhaust emissions

Diesel exhaust emissions are not intended for use but are a by-product of operating diesel-powered machinery and vehicles on site.

Inhalation : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers operating machinery | Site supervisors and managers | Maintenance personnel

Type of harm: Asbestosis / Lung Cancer / Mesothelioma | Asphyxia | Death | Illness | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD | Smoke Inhalation

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Frequent (5) = High (20)

Controls

  • Ensure all machinery and vehicles are fitted with effective exhaust filters to reduce emissions.
  • Implement a schedule for regular maintenance of equipment to ensure optimal performance and emission control.
  • Establish designated areas for vehicle operation away from enclosed spaces to allow for adequate ventilation.
  • Provide personal protective equipment such as respirators to workers in high-exposure areas.
  • Limit the time workers spend near running diesel engines to reduce exposure duration.
  • Utilise exhaust extraction systems in enclosed or semi-enclosed workspaces to remove fumes.
  • Conduct air quality monitoring to assess exposure levels and adjust controls as necessary.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Eye Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers operating machinery | Maintenance personnel

Type of harm: Eye Damage

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Occasional (3) = Medium (9)

Controls

  • Wear safety goggles or face shields to prevent eye exposure to diesel exhaust emissions.
  • Ensure proper ventilation in work areas to disperse diesel fumes effectively.
  • Position equipment to direct exhaust away from workers’ eye level.
  • Implement regular maintenance of machinery to minimise excessive exhaust emissions.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Skin Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers operating machinery | Maintenance personnel handling equipment

Type of harm: Dermatitis

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Wear protective gloves resistant to diesel to prevent skin exposure.
  • Use long-sleeved clothing to minimise skin contact with diesel emissions.
  • Implement regular handwashing protocols with soap and water after handling equipment.
  • Provide barrier creams to offer additional protection against skin irritation.
  • Ensure prompt cleaning of any diesel spills on skin with appropriate cleansers.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Hydraulic fluid

Hydraulic fluid is utilised to power and operate hydraulic machinery, such as breakers, by transmitting force within the hydraulic systems.

Injection : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers operating hydraulic machinery | Maintenance personnel servicing hydraulic equipment

Type of harm: Severe tissue damage | Infection | Necrosis

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Use hydraulic systems with built-in safety features to prevent accidental injection.
  • Ensure all hydraulic equipment is regularly maintained and inspected for leaks.
  • Train workers on the risks of hydraulic fluid injection and safe handling procedures.
  • Provide appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and long sleeves.
  • Implement lockout/tagout procedures during maintenance to prevent accidental activation.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Eye Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling hydraulic equipment | Maintenance personnel servicing machinery

Type of harm: Eye Damage

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Frequent (5) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Wear safety goggles or face shields to prevent fluid splashes.
  • Ensure proper training on handling hydraulic systems to minimise exposure.
  • Use hydraulic fluid containers with secure lids to prevent accidental spills.
  • Implement spill containment measures to quickly address any leaks.
  • Maintain equipment regularly to prevent leaks and fluid ejection.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Skin Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling hydraulic equipment | Maintenance personnel servicing machinery

Type of harm: Dermatitis

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Frequent (5) = High (25)

Controls

  • Wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves to prevent direct skin exposure.
  • Use long-sleeved clothing to minimise skin contact with hydraulic fluid.
  • Implement proper handwashing facilities with soap and water for decontamination.
  • Provide training on safe handling procedures and potential skin hazards.
  • Ensure spill kits are available and used promptly to clean up spills.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Petrol vapours

Petrol vapours are generated during the operation of petrol-powered breakers used for breaking surfaces in construction tasks.

Inhalation : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers operating petrol-powered equipment | Site supervisors and managers | Nearby pedestrians and road users

Type of harm: Asphyxia | Death | Respiratory damage / Asthma / COPD

Initial Risk: Catastrophic (5) x Occasional (3) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Ensure adequate ventilation in work areas to disperse petrol vapours effectively.
  • Use appropriate respiratory protective equipment, such as masks with organic vapour filters, when necessary.
  • Implement safe storage practises for petrol to minimise vapour release.
  • Limit the duration of exposure by rotating tasks among workers.
  • Conduct regular air monitoring to assess vapour levels and ensure compliance with safety standards.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Eye Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling petrol-powered equipment | Maintenance personnel working near petrol storage

Type of harm: Eye Damage

Initial Risk: Major (3) x Frequent (5) = Medium (15)

Controls

  • Ensure the use of safety goggles or face shields when working in areas where petrol vapours are present.
  • Implement proper ventilation systems to disperse petrol vapours and reduce concentration levels.
  • Provide training on the correct handling and storage of petrol to minimise exposure risks.
  • Establish emergency eye wash stations in close proximity to work areas involving petrol vapours.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Skin Contact : Low (1)

Who might be harmed: Construction workers handling petrol-powered equipment | Maintenance personnel servicing machinery

Type of harm: Dermatitis

Initial Risk: Severe (4) x Occasional (3) = Medium (12)

Controls

  • Ensure workers wear appropriate chemical-resistant gloves to prevent skin exposure.
  • Provide long-sleeved protective clothing to minimise skin contact with vapours.
  • Implement proper ventilation to reduce vapour concentration in the work area.
  • Instruct workers to wash exposed skin immediately with soap and water.
  • Provide safety training on handling petrol and recognising skin exposure symptoms.

Residual Risk: Minor (1) x Improbable (1) = Low (1)

Induction Record

Company name:   Project title:  
Location:   Contract No:  
Subject: Method Statement : Drainage, Paving, Ground Surface & Road Works Tutor:  
Date:   Signature:  

This document has been provided as a template. By completing the section above, you take full responsibility for the use of this document.

Name Comments Signature Date
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 
 
 		  
 		  
 		  
 

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